FSCK file system check commands

How to perform fsck

It is simple. Umount the partition and issue the below command

e2fsck -y /dev/hda1

Run fsck on all file system

e2fsck -A -y

Exclude the root with option R

e2fsck -AR -y

Specify the file system type using t

fsck -AR -t ext2 -y

Donot execute fsck on mounted partitions

e2fsck -M /dev/hda1

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SystemD commands

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl -t target UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION basic.target loaded active active Basic System cryptsetup.target loaded active active Encrypted Volumes getty.target loaded active active Login Prompts graphical.target loaded active active Graphical Interface local-fs-pre.target loaded active active Local File Systems (Pre) local-fs.target loaded active active Local File Systems multi-user.target loaded active active Multi-User System network-online.target loaded active active Network is Online network.target loaded active active Network nfs-client.target loaded active active NFS client services nss-user-lookup.target loaded active active User and Gr...

How to tweak linux server harddisk using hdparm

hdparm switches explained http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/intrepid/man8/hdparm.8.html First of all you have to install hdparm in linux. apt-get install hdparm #hdparm /dev/sda /dev/sda: readonly = 0 (off) readahead = 120 (on) geometry = 8850/255/63, sectors = 142182912, start = 0 Hard disk Performance Information # hdparm -tT /dev/hda /dev/hdd: Timing cached reads: 496 MB in 2.00 seconds = 247.42 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 60 MB in 3.03 seconds = 19.81 MB/sec Hard drive set to low, slow settings # hdparm -cuda /dev/hda /dev/hda: IO_support = 0 (default 16-bit) unmaskirq = 0 (off) using_dma = 0 (off) readahead = 256 (on) Use below tweaks to increase disk read write performance. For sda drive ~]# hdparm -a 2048 /dev/sda /dev/sda: setting fs readahead to 2048 readahead = 2048 (on) For sdb drive [root@439298a ~]# hdparm -a 2048 /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: setting fs readahead to 2048 readahead = 2048 (on) ]# echo “anticipatory” >...

RAID

Check the Raid installed lspci | grep RAID Software Raid ============== Linux Support For Software RAID Currently, Linux supports the following RAID levels (quoting from the man page): LINEAR RAID0 (striping) RAID1 (mirroring) RAID4 RAID5 RAID6 RAID10 MULTIPATH, and FAULTY. MULTIPATH is not a Software RAID mechanism, but does involve multiple devices: each device is a path to one common physical storage device. FAULTY is also not true RAID, and it only involves one device. It provides a layer over a true device that can be used to inject faults. Install mdadm Type the following command under RHEL / CentOS / Fedora Linux: # yum install mdadm Type the following command under Debian / Ubuntu Linux: # apt-get update && apt-get install mdadm How Do I Create RAID1 Using mdadm? Type the following command to create RAID1 using /dev/sdc1 and /dev/sdd1 (20GB size each). First run fdisk on /dev/sdc and /dev/sdd with " Softwa...

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